Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers among women worldwide. Early detection can greatly improve treatment outcomes and survival rates. While breast cancer can develop silently, there are several early warning signs that women should be aware of. Recognizing these signs early can lead to a faster diagnosis and better chances of successful treatment. Here are some early signs of breast cancer that every woman should know:

Changes in breast shape or size
A sudden change in the size or shape of a breast, especially one breast, can be an early sign of breast cancer. The change may occur gradually or in a noticeable way. If one breast becomes larger, smaller, or takes on a different shape, it is important to consult a doctor for further evaluation.

Lumps or thickening in the breast
Finding a lump or area of ​​thickened tissue in the breast is one of the most common symptoms of breast cancer. These lumps are often painless, although some may be tender. It is important to note that not all lumps are cancerous, as many are benign (noncancerous). However, any new lump or mass should be evaluated by a healthcare professional, especially if it does not go away after your period.

Changes in skin texture or appearance
Changes in the texture or appearance of the skin on your breast may be a sign of breast cancer. Skin that appears red, wrinkled, or puckered may resemble the texture of an orange peel, a condition known as “peau d’orange.” This can be caused by a blockage in the lymphatic system, which can be associated with breast cancer. Any unusual skin changes should be evaluated by a doctor.

Unexplained breast or nipple pain
Breast or nipple pain that is unusual, persistent, or occurs for no apparent reason can sometimes be a symptom of breast cancer. While breast pain is often associated with hormonal changes or benign conditions such as fibrocystic breasts, pain that lasts longer than two weeks or is limited to a specific area should be checked by a healthcare provider.

Nipple discharge
Nipple discharge that is clear, bloody, or occurs without pressure on the nipple may be a sign of breast cancer, especially if it occurs in only one breast. Most nipple discharge is not related to cancer, but if you notice discharge, especially if it is blood-tinged or occurs spontaneously, it is important to have it evaluated by a doctor.

Nipple changes
Any unusual changes in the nipple, such as inversion (when the nipple turns inward), pain, or redness, may indicate breast cancer. While nipple inversion can also be a benign condition, if it occurs suddenly or is associated with other symptoms, it should be checked by a doctor. Redness or irritation around the nipple can also indicate an underlying problem.

Swelling or lumps in the armpit
Swelling or lumps in the armpit (underarm area) may indicate that breast cancer has spread to the lymph nodes. The lymph nodes are part of the body’s immune system, and cancer cells can travel to these glands from the breast. If you notice swollen or painful lymph nodes, especially if they are hard or painless, you should see a doctor as soon as possible.

Unexplained fatigue or weight loss
Although fatigue and weight loss are less common early signs, they can sometimes indicate breast cancer, especially if the cancer has spread to other areas of the body. Unexplained weight loss or feeling extremely tired, despite adequate rest, can be a result of the body fighting the cancer, and these symptoms should not be ignored.

Changes in the appearance of the areola
Any changes in the appearance or color of the areola (the dark skin surrounding the nipple) can also be a sign of breast cancer. This includes redness, scaling, or the development of sores or ulcers. Such changes can be caused by a rare form of breast cancer called Paget’s disease of the breast.

Unexplained fever or night sweats
While fever and night sweats can be associated with a variety of conditions, when they occur along with other signs of breast cancer, they may indicate that the cancer has spread or that the body is responding to the presence of cancer cells. If you have persistent fever or night sweats with no clear cause, it is important to discuss these symptoms with your health care provider.